Image credit:Image by kjpargeter on Freepik
By Dr Tushar Chauhan October 04, 2022
GIF credit: Tenor
Mitochondrial or mtDNA is present in the cell cytoplasm.
Image credit: genengnews.com
Other names are cytoplasmic DNA, maternal DNA, organelle DNA and extranuclear DNA.
Image derived: techexplorist.com (Northwestern University)
It has its own protein synthesis machinery and can perform replication, transcription and translation, independently.
Image credit:Image by kjpargeter on Freepik.
The majority of mitochondrial DNA is circular and the copy number varies depending upon the tissue types.
Image credit: Pixabay.
The genome is double-stranded, ~16Kb in size and contains around 37 known genes.
Image credit: skietheace from Pixabay.
It is inherited from the maternal side only. And this helps to investigate maternal lineage.
Image credit: National Cancer Institute.
Recent finding suggest that It has a high mutation rate compared to nuclear DNA.
GIF credit: Gaby Guitian from Tenor
Age-related hearing loss, non-syndromic hearing loss, Pearson syndrome and Leigh syndrome are caused by mtDNA mutations.
Image credit: science.org.
I hope you like this story. Please share it.